Occupational stress, symptoms of emotional distress, and profes sional burnout with specialist doctors

The purpose of the work is to study the features of professional development among internists and surgeons of general and specialized fields. Research materials and methods. The research was carried out within the framework of a comprehensive topic of the Department of Occupational Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology named after Professor V.V. Kosarev, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Samara State Medical University, «Problems of polymorbidity, diagnosis, prognosis and prevention of occupational and production-related diseases in workers with isolated combined effects of factors of the industrial environment and the labor process» (registration number 124053000016-4), registration date 30.05.2024). Patient consent. Each participant in the study gave informed voluntary written consent to participate in the study and publish personal medical information in an impersonal form. The study included: group 1 — gastroenterologists (n=52 people); group 2 — cardiologists (n=58 people); group 3 — oncologists of therapeutic (TP) profile (n=48 people); group 4 — doctors of general surgery (HR) (n=71 people); group 5 — surgeons of the cardiovascular profile (n=30 people); group 6 — oncologists of the surgical (XP) profile (n=65 people); control group 7 — workers of engineering, technical and economic profiles, not related to the profile of activity-people with jobs in medical organizations (healthy) (n=75 people). The assessment of the level of professional burnout among medical workers was carried out using the MBI methodology developed by K. Maslach, S. Jackson, and adapted by N. E. Vodopyanova. The statistical analysis was performed using the R Studio programming language and environment (R v.4.4.1, RStudio 2024.09.1+394). Descriptive statistics for continuous data were calculated as the mean, 95% confidence intervals; for nonparametric data, the median, 25% and 75% quartiles, and the interquartile range. Although the data did not correspond to a normal distribution, the groups were larger than 30 observations, which, according to the central limit theorem, allows us to use the mean and 95% confidence intervals to describe the variables. The x2 criterion was used to compare the percentages. When evaluating differences in nonparametric data groups, the Mann- Whitney criteria were used for two comparison groups, and the Kraskel-Wallis criteria for more than 2 groups. Results. The professional activity of doctors of the TR and XP profile is associated with the effects of chronic occupational stress, leading to the development of professional burnout. Limitations of the study. The study has regional (Samara region) and professional (in terms of the detailed working conditions in the comparison groups studied) limitations. Conclusion. Thus, the data obtained indicate the need to use specialized rehabilitation measures for physicians using relaxation techniques, art therapy, as well as professional adaptation programs when identifying risk factors for increasing the level of occupational burnout among medical workers providing medical care in hospitals of therapeutic, general surgical, and specialized profiles.; physiotherapy methods, such as electrosleep and reflexotherapy, if possible, sanatorium-resort treatment in sanatoriums, local health resorts, etc. with visits to psychotherapy rooms, as well as psychopharmacological drugs.

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