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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">spbmedicalrecords</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Новые Санкт-Петербургские врачебные ведомости</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>New St. Petersburg Medical Records</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1609-2201</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1609-2201-2026-105-1-91-99</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">spbmedicalrecords-145</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изменения в ротовой полости при сахарном диабете 2 типа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Changes in the oral cavity in type ii diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8006-9937</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сычева</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sycheva</surname><given-names>J. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сычева Юлия Анатольевна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры внутренних болезней стоматологического факультета</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Julia A. Sycheva, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of Department of Internal Diseases of Dentistry Faculty</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Sichova66@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Титова Мария Владимировна, врач терапевтического отделения</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria V. Titova, Physician of the Therapeutic Department</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maria_titova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9044-7257</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбачева</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbacheva</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горбачева Ирина Анатольевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой внутренних болезней стоматологического факультета</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Gorbacheva, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Internal Diseases of Dentistry Faculty</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prof_gorbacheva@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полянская</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyanskaya</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полянская Дарья Михайловна, студентка стоматологического факультета</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria M. Polyanskaya, student of the Faculty of Dentistry</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kvbsf@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клиническая больница Святителя Луки</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Luke Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>91</fpage><lpage>99</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сычева Ю.А., Титова М.В., Горбачева И.А., Полянская Д.М., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сычева Ю.А., Титова М.В., Горбачева И.А., Полянская Д.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sycheva J.A., Titova M.V., Gorbacheva I.A., Polyanskaya D.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.docved.ru/jour/article/view/145">https://www.docved.ru/jour/article/view/145</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение.  Установлена тесная связь патологий полости рта с общими заболеваниями организма. Сахарный диабет 2 типа (СД 2) часто является связующим звеном в формировании коморбидной внутренней патологии и заболеваний полости рта, что основано на нарушении метаболизма, гемодинамики и иммунологических функций. В полости рта СД 2 клинически проявляется в виде ксеростомии, гингивита, пародонтита, быстрого развития кариеса.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить значимость стоматологического статуса у больных сахарным диабетом 2 типа и предиабетом в прогрессировании коморбидных поражений органов полости рта.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Обследовано 75 человек: 1 группу составили 45 пациентов с СД 2, 2 группа включала 30 человек с диагнозом «предиабет». Контрольную группу составили 39 практически здоровых людей.  Стоматологический статус оценивался по индексу тяжести кариеса (КПУз), пародонтальным (РМА, PI, CPITN) и гигиеническим индексам.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты.  В результате исследования было выявлено, что обе группы имели схожие жалобы, но у пациентов с СД степень выраженности их была значительно выше. Степень интенсивности жалоб оценивалась по 5-балльной шкале. Показатели индивидуальной гигиены полости рта в 1 группе соответствовали индексу плохой гигиены, во 2 группе – неудовлетворительной. Индекс КПУз был значительно выше у пациентов с СД 2, чем во 2 группе и здоровых людей. Выявленные повышения индексов РМА, PI в 1 группе по сравнению со 2 группой говорили о наличии у пациентов средне-тяжелой степени хронического пародонтита, у этих же пациентов 1 группы был выше индекс CPITN и соответствовал критериям назначения больным комплексного лечения.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Индекс тяжести кариеса, гигиенические и пародонтальные индексы у больных с СД 2 были гораздо хуже, чем у пациентов с предиабетом. Полученные данные подчеркивают необходимость регулярного стоматологического мониторинга пациентов как с СД 2, так и с предиабетом.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. A close relationship between oral pathologies and general diseases has been established. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) often plays a role in the development of comorbid internal pathology and oral diseases, which is based on metabolic, hemodynamic, and immunological dysfunction. In the oral cavity, T2DM clinically manifests as xerostomia, gingivitis, periodontitis, and rapid caries development.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To assess the significance of dental status in patients with T2DM and prediabetes in the progression of comorbid oral lesions.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. A total of 75 individuals were examined. Group 1 consisted of 45 patients with T2DM. Group 2 included 30 individuals diagnosed with prediabetes. The control group consisted of 39 practically healthy people. Dental status was assessed using the caries severity index (CFEt), periodontal indices (PMA, PI, CPITN), and hygiene indices.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The study revealed that both groups had similar complaints, but the severity of these complaints was significantly higher in patients with diabetes. Complaint intensity was assessed on a 5-point scale. Individual oral hygiene indicators in Group 1 corresponded to the Poor Hygiene Index, while those in Group 2 were unsatisfactory. The CFEt index was significantly higher in patients with type 2 diabetes than in Group 2 and healthy controls. Elevated PMA and PI indices in Group 1 compared to Group 2 indicated moderate to severe chronic periodontitis. These same patients in Group 1 had a higher CPITN index and met the criteria for comprehensive treatment.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The caries severity index, hygiene, and periodontal indices in patients with diabetes were significantly worse than in patients with prediabetes. These data highlight the need for regular dental monitoring of patients with both type 2 diabetes and prediabetes.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>предиабет</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет 2 типа</kwd><kwd>заболевания пародонта</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>prediabet</kwd><kwd>type 2 diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>periodontal disease</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кузнецов М. В., Софронов М. В., Буланов С. И. и др. Особенности микробиоты полости рта у пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2-го типа на фоне дентальной имплантации // Российская стоматология. 2024. Т. 17, № 2. С. 21–26. Doi.org/10.17116/rosstomat20241702121.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuznetsov M. V., Sofronov M. V., Bulanov S. I. et al. Features of the oral microbiota in patients with type II diabetes in the background of dental implantation. 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